Circuit Court Diary, 27 July–7 August 1791
Circuit Court Diary
[27 July–7 August 1791]
1791—27 July—Set out for Ph[iladelphi]a.—passed this Day with A. Schuyler—1
28 reached 10 Mile Run—tolerable House2
29—dine at Howells3 at Trenton Ferry—good
30—came to Ph[iladelphi]a.
1 augt. opened Court—4 decided in the case of West v Barnes that writs of Error to remove causes from Ct. courts can regularly issue only from this court
Qu[ery]. is not 10 Days too Short a Time5
3 adjourned.
4 dined with Presid.
5 Set out for Sussex—6
Dined at pauls Tavern—12½ miles7
lodged at Shameny Bridge8 (good)—10½
6 Breakfasted at Mitchels9 at Howells Ferry—pretty well—11
[total] 34
Dined at Andersons—Quaker Town,10 good:—13
lodged at millers11 7 miles ^below^ from Hackets town—bad—19
7 took Breakfast with Mr. Rutherfurd—12 7
came to newtown—& put up at Darrows &—10
[total] 83
N.B—It is sd. Van Buskirk13 keeps a good House 13 miles below Hackets Town—
JJ Circuit Court Diary, 21 July–7 Aug. 1791, AD, NNC (EJ: 07351). Letters mentioned in the Diary that have not been found are generally not further identified. This portion of the Diary covers JJ’s trip to and from Philadelphia for a Supreme Court session, not a Circuit Court journey.
1. Arent Schuyler’s estate was located near Second River, N.J.
2. Possibly the tavern in Ten-Mile Run, N.J., owned by Elias Baker (c. 1764–1831).
3. Peter Howell (1748–1816) of Trenton, N.J., operated the tavern later known as the City Hotel. New-Jersey Gazette (Trenton), 2 May 1785.
4. This was the first term of the Supreme Court to be held in Philadelphia at the new City Hall, which stood to the east of Independence Hall. See Minutes of the Supreme Court, [1–3 Aug. 1791], below.
5. See the editorial note “The Supreme Court: Procedures and Cases”, above, and Minutes of the Supreme Court, [1–3 Aug. 1791], below, for West v. Barnes.
6. JJ had planned to leave for Sussex, N.J., on 4 Aug., but GW’s dinner invitation delayed his travel until the following day. He estimated that his business in Sussex would detain him a full week. The purpose of JJ’s visit was to conduct land transactions in Newtown Township; at least some of this property was held in common with Philip Livingston and John Rutherfurd. An inventory from 1798 shows that JJ possessed “one undivided third part of a tract” of 1,052 acres called “peat Bog Meadow” located near the Newtown courthouse. Martin Ryerson (1748–1820), whose farm was close by, managed the property. Two years later, PAJ informed JJ that both Philip Livingston and John Rutherfurd had agreed to a division of their holdings in the “Sussex swamp.” An 1833 survey of the Kelly Tract, a term encompassing the Newtown property formerly owned by JJ, showed that it contained eight parcels including part of the “Bog Meadow” that amounted to 1,758 acres that were appraised at $21,385.90. JJ to SLJ, 3 Aug. 1791, ALS, MHi (EJ: 04752); List of Real Estate of Mr. Jay Esquire, 8 Nov. 1798, D, NNC; PAJ to JJ, 27 Nov. and 23 Dec. 1800, ALS, NNC (EJ: 06098 and EJ: 11452); “A Field Book of the Farms and several Tracts of Land formerly owned by John Jay Esquire in the County of Sussex and the State of New Jersey, Newton Sept. 1833”, D, NNC.
7. Possibly Joseph Paul (c. 1732–1812) of Frankford in Philadelphia County, Pa. A newspaper advertisement in 1774 noted that Paul owned a tavern located at Frankford Bridge. Pennsylvania Gazette (Philadelphia), 30 Nov. 1774.
8. Charles Bessonet (1737–1807) of Bristol, Pa., and Gershom Johnson (b. c. 1743) of Philadelphia, operated a stagecoach service running from Philadelphia to Trenton. In 1785 the Pennsylvania legislature authorized the pair to operate a ferry and build a bridge over Neshaminy (Nashomony) Creek at Bristol, Bucks County. The bridge was completed approximately two years later. Laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, from the Fourteenth Day of October, One Thousand Seven Hundred, to the Sixth Day of April, One Thousand Eight Hundred and Two (Philadelphia, 1803; , no. 4842), 3: 83–85.
9. Either Joseph Mitchell or his son William Mitchell (c. 1756–c. 1824) of Solebury Township operated this tavern on the Pennsylvania side of the Delaware River.
10. Probably John Anderson who succeeded David McPherson as tavern keeper. Charles S. Boyer, Old Inns and Taverns in West Jersey (Camden, 1962), 233–34.
11. Andrew Miller (c. 1739–1829) of Mansfield Township ran a tavern located along the banks of the Musconetcong River.
12. John Rutherfurd’s estate was located near Allamuchy, N.J.
13. Daniel Van Buskirk (1736–c. 1820) of Bethlehem Township in Hunterdon County, N.J.