To James Madison from Louis-André Pichon, 18 May 1804
From Louis-André Pichon
Baltimore le 28 floreal an 12. (18 May 1804)
Monsieur,
J’ai reçu la lettre que vous m’avez fait l’honneur de m’écrire le 15 de ce mois contenant l’extrait de celle qui vous est adressée par le collecteur de Charleston relativement à la Corvette Française le Télégraphe. Le batiment, Monsieur, ayant mis à la voile de Charleston, il y a près de deux mois, l’avis du Collecteur est aujourdhui sans objet. Je prendrai la liberté, Monsieur, de vous faire remarquer que cette lettre justifie les plaintes verbales que j’ai eu l’honneur de vous porter sur la visite qui avait été faite à bord de cette Corvette. Le manque d’ègards au Gouvernement Français comme vous le voyez, Monsieur, est constaté par la lettre même du Collecteur. Il vous paraitra surement, Monsieur, que cet officier aurait du avoir assez du respect pour le Pavillon d’une puissance amie pour ne pas faire une demarche aussi offensante sur la seule allégation de Mr. le Consul Britannique. J’ajouterai que jamais je n’ai vui [sic] parler d’augmentation à l’armament du batiment en question et que la fabrication à bord d’un nouvel affut de canon ne me paraitrait en aucune manière rentrer dans la définition des choses que la neutralité d’un Etat peut interdire.1
Je me trouve, monsieur, dans le cas de vous défèrer un fait qui vient de se passer dans le même Port et qui est de nature a exiger l’intervention du Gouvernement des Etats Unis. La Corvette francaise l’africaine qui allait de la Havanne à Sto. Domingo a relâché à Charleston le 3 de ce mois dans un trés grand état de détresse. Elle était mouillée avec un Pilote à bord près de la Barre pour attendre la marèe. Elle y a été prise par deux corsaires anglais qui sont entrés à Charleston. Le procèdé, Monsieur, est une violation manifeste de la jurisdiction des Etats Unis, & j’attens avec confiance les mesures que Monsieur le Président des Etats Unis prendra pour faire restituer cette prise illègale. Agreez, Monsieur, l’assurance de mon respect et celle de ma haute considèration.
L. A. Pichon
Condensed Translation
Acknowledges JM’s letter of 15 May, which contained the extract of that written to JM by the collector of Charleston relating to the French corvette Télégraphe. The opinion of the collector no longer applies as the ship left Charleston nearly two months ago. Takes the liberty to point out that that letter supports his earlier verbal complaint about the visit made aboard this ship. As JM will note, the collector’s letter itself attests to the lack of regard for the French government. JM will surely see that this officer should have had more respect for the flag of a friendly power than to take so offensive a step on the sole allegation of the British consul. Adds that he has never heard of an increase in the armament of the ship in question and that the construction of a new gun carriage on board appears to him in no way to be one of those things that the neutrality of a state may contravene.
Finds himself with another case in the same port that requires the intervention of the U.S. government. The French corvette Africaine, which sailed from Havana to Saint-Domingue, put into Charleston on 3 May in very great distress. The ship anchored with a pilot on board near the bar to wait for the tide and was captured by two English corsairs who brought it into Charleston. This proceeding is a violation of U.S. jurisdiction, and Pichon trusts that the president will take measures to restore this illegal prize.
RC (DNA: RG 59, NFL, France, vol. 1). Docketed by Wagner as received 22 May, with his notation: “capture of L’Africaine.”
1. In a conversation with JM that Pichon reported to Talleyrand in a 10 June dispatch, Pichon took the opportunity to complain formally about the conduct of local and federal authorities in Charleston. He observed to JM that on the arrival of the Télégraphe, the collector had told the French agent that the French could not bring prizes into the U.S., and while the ship was in port the collector had claimed, without foundation, that the ship’s armament was increased. Pichon reminded JM that Charleston had been the center of an uproar when, after leaving the port, the Télégraphe captured two British ships coming from Europe, adding that the clamor was portrayed with animosity in the newspapers, notably under the patronage of federal officers and especially the collector. The French diplomat contrasted this offensive activity with the silence kept about the equipping of a British privateer in a neighboring port, of which he had complained verbally some months ago, and with the complacent reception of the one that captured the Africaine near the entrance of Charleston harbor where it was anchored. Finally, Pichon remarked to JM that there seemed to be an agreement among the Charleston authorities to insult French officers and recalled the suit brought against General Sarrasin and Mr. Sachs. JM pointed out that the French had obtained justice in both cases and moreover that it was difficult to control the feelings that caused the uproars of which Pichon complained. The government could only disapprove of them as contrary to U.S. neutrality. Pichon replied that he complained only of the part that federal authorities appeared to have played in these uproars (Pichon to Talleyrand, 21 Prairial an XII [10 June 1804], AAE: Political Correspondence, U.S., 57:107–9).